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从零开始搭建Webrtc服务器，实践指南

Time：2025年03月13日 Read：2 评论：42 作者：y21dr45

本文目录导读：

  1. 服务器选择与环境配置
  2. 安装与配置Webrtc服务器

从零开始搭建Webrtc服务器，实践指南

Webrtc（Web Real-Time Communication）是一种基于标准协议的实时视频会议解决方案，广泛应用于互联网会议、网络 classrooms 等场景，本文将详细介绍如何从零开始搭建一个完整的Webrtc服务器，包括服务器选择、环境配置、安装与配置Webrtc插件、网络配置、测试与调试等步骤。

服务器选择与环境配置

1 服务器选择

搭建Webrtc服务器需要选择一个合适的服务器类型,通常可以选择虚拟服务器（如CloudFlare、AWS、ElasticOS等）或物理服务器，以下是一些常见选择：

  • CloudFlare：CloudFlare是一个功能强大的云服务器提供商，支持多种网络协议配置，适合快速搭建Webrtc服务器。
  • AWS（亚马逊云服务器）：AWS提供了丰富的云服务和安全组配置选项，适合有一定技术背景的用户。
  • ElasticOS：ElasticOS是一种专为开发设计的云服务器，支持多种网络协议配置，适合快速部署。

2 环境配置

在选择服务器后,需要配置服务器环境，包括操作系统、操作系统版本、软件包安装等。

2.1 操作系统

推荐使用以下操作系统：

  • Ubuntu：Ubuntu 是一个稳定且支持丰富软件包的操作系统，适合云服务器配置。
  • CentOS：CentOS 是一个经典的服务器操作系统，支持许多网络协议配置。
  • Windows：Windows 也适合云服务器配置，但需要注意网络配置的特殊性。

2.2 操作系统版本

根据选择的云服务提供商,推荐使用以下版本：

  • CloudFlare：建议使用 Ubuntu 22.04 或更高版本。
  • AWS：建议使用 AWS Linux AMI 2022.12 或更高版本。
  • ElasticOS：推荐使用 ElasticOS 3.1 或更高版本。

2.3 软件包安装

根据服务器类型,安装必要的软件包，以下是一些常用的软件包：

  • Nginx：用于反向代理和负载均衡。
  • GFW（Google Firewall）：用于CDN和负载均衡。
  • Webrtc：用于Webrtc插件的安装和配置。
  • SSL/TLS：用于安全通信。

安装与配置Webrtc服务器

1 安装Webrtc源代码

Webrtc 是一个开源的实时视频会议解决方案，可以通过官方网站下载源代码并进行编译。

1.1 下载源代码

访问 Webrtc官方网站，下载适合目标操作系统和架构的源代码。

1.2 配置源代码

在下载的源代码目录下,执行以下命令进行配置：

mkdir build
cd build
cmake .. -Dbuild binaries

1.3 编译源代码

在编译目录下,执行以下命令进行编译：

make

1.4 验证编译结果

编译完成后,检查生成的可执行文件和配置文件，如果遇到问题，可以参考CMake日志或查看编译日志。

2 配置Nginx作为反向代理

为了将Webrtc服务暴露在互联网上,通常需要使用Nginx作为反向代理。

2.1 安装Nginx

在服务器上安装Nginx,推荐使用以下命令：

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y nginx

2.2 配置Nginx

配置Nginx以代理Webrtc服务,将Webrtc的RTCP端点配置为Nginx的输出。

2.3 添加Nginx配置文件

在Nginx的配置目录下,创建以下配置文件：

[Unit]
Description = Nginx Reverse Proxy for WebRTC
Server {
    listen = 80;
    server_name your-nginx-server;
}
[Nhtpy]
< Nginx 1.2.3 "Nginx Reverse Proxy for WebRTC" http1.1 http1.2 https1.1 https1.2 >
    < document root /var/www/html/webrtc;
        index.html;
        charset = utf-8;
    />
    < location / /var/www/html/webrtc;
        proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    />
</Nhtpy>
[Rewrite]
    < location / /var/www/html/webrtc/rtcp;
        rewrite ^([0-9.]+)\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d+)$
            ^([0-9.]+)\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d+)$
            HTTP/1.1;
        proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    />
</Rewrite>
[Indexes]
    default_index on;
}
[Cache]
    on;
    cache_type = shared;
    cache_size = 1M;
    cache expiry = 30 days;
}
[Error_log]
    on;
    error_log_file = /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    error_log_size = 1M;
}
[Log]
    keepalive = 10;
    log_start_time = now;
    log_end_time = now;
    log_file = /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    log_file_size = 1M;
    log retention = 1 week;
}
[Subdomains]
    subdomain *;
    rewrite ^([0-9.]+)\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d+)$
            ^([0-9.]+)\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d{3,4})\.(\d+)$
            HTTP/1.1;
        proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    />
</Subdomains>
[Rewrite_cache]
    on;
    proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
[SSL]
    on;
    server cert webrtc_server.crt;
    key webrtc_server.key;
    use sNIPE cipher TLSv1.2;
    use sNIPE cipher TLSv1.3;
    use sNIPE cipher TLSv1.4;
}
[Rewrite]
    < location ^((?:[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)\.)+;
        proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    />
</Rewrite>
[Rewrite]
    < location /var/www/html/webrtc;
        proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    />
</Rewrite>
[Rewrite]
    < location /var/www/html/webrtc/rtcp;
        proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    />
</Rewrite>
[Rewrite]
    < location /var/www/html/webrtc/h264;
        proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    />
</Rewrite>
[Rewrite]
    < location /var/www/html/webrtc/h264/rtcp;
        proxy_pass http://webrtc_server;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    />
</Rewrite>
[Nsc]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc>
[Nsc:subdomain]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain>
[Nsc:subdomain-1]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-1>
[Nsc:subdomain-2]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-2>
[Nsc:subdomain-3]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-3>
[Nsc:subdomain-4]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-4>
[Nsc:subdomain-5]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-5>
[Nsc:subdomain-6]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-6>
[Nsc:subdomain-7]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-7>
[Nsc:subdomain-8]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-8>
[Nsc:subdomain-9]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-9>
[Nsc:subdomain-10]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-10>
[Nsc:subdomain-11]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-11>
[Nsc:subdomain-12]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-12>
[Nsc:subdomain-13]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-13>
[Nsc:subdomain-14]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-14>
[Nsc:subdomain-15]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-15>
[Nsc:subdomain-16]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-16>
[Nsc:subdomain-17]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-17>
[Nsc:subdomain-18]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-18>
[Nsc:subdomain-19]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-19>
[Nsc:subdomain-20]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-20>
[Nsc:subdomain-21]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-21>
[Nsc:subdomain-22]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-22>
[Nsc:subdomain-23]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-23>
[Nsc:subdomain-24]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-24>
[Nsc:subdomain-25]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-25>
[Nsc:subdomain-26]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-26>
[Nsc:subdomain-27]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-27>
[Nsc:subdomain-28]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-28>
[Nsc:subdomain-29]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-29>
[Nsc:subdomain-30]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-30>
[Nsc:subdomain-31]
    include /etc/nginx/sites-available/default;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    exclude /var/log/nginx/error.log;
</Nsc:subdomain-3

原文链接：https://asoulu.com/post/190304.html

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标签： WebRTC服务器搭建  实践指南 
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